Plants rely on the energy of light for photosynthesis to grow, flower, and bear fruit. However, due to the ever-changing climatic changes and light changes in nature, plants cannot fully absorb the photosynthetic nutrients they need during different growth periods, which brings disadvantages to growth, especially in the seedling stage. In this regard, scientific and reasonable artificial spectrum creates good absorption and reflection conditions for plant growth. The energy values of the blue light zone and the red light zone are very close to the efficiency curve of plant photosynthesis (the efficiency is even more significant for green plants), which is the best light source for plant growth.
In traditional agricultural production, ordinary electric light sources are generally used to supplement the light and the application of different covering materials and other agricultural technical measures, such as the use of monochromatic fluorescent lamps or colored plastic films, and changing the light environment to regulate the growth and development of plants in the facility cultivation environment. The led plant growth lamp adopts different measures to avoid problems of different degrees, such as lack of analysis of specific spectral components, resulting in impure light quality processing, inconsistent light intensity, close to or even lower than the light compensation point of the plant , The energy efficiency of the illumination light source is low. A large number of research results on the application of LEDs in plant facility cultivation environments show that LEDs can solve these problems and are particularly suitable for use in artificial light-controlled plant facility cultivation environments.
The LED in the field of plant cultivation also exhibits the following characteristics: rich wavelength types, just in line with the spectral range of plant photosynthesis and light morphology; narrow half-width of the spectrum wave width, can be combined as needed to obtain pure monochromatic light and compound spectrum; specific wavelengths can be concentrated The light irradiates the crops in a balanced manner; it can not only adjust the flowering and fruiting of the crops, but also control the plant height and the nutrient content of the plants; the system generates less heat and occupies a small space. It can be used in a multi-layer cultivation three-dimensional combination system to achieve low heat load and production The space is miniaturized; in addition, its strong durability also reduces operating costs. Because of these remarkable features, LEDs are very suitable for plant cultivation in a controlled facility environment, such as plant tissue culture, facility gardening and factory seedlings, and aerospace ecological life support systems. As of 2013, the area of facility horticulture in my country has developed rapidly, and the lighting technology of plant lights to promote the light environment control of plants has attracted attention.
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